diabeic food and nutrition

Editor note: Editor’s Note | puredietly Metabolic Audit: As we enter 2026, the management of Type 2 Diabetes has shifted from “restrictive dieting” to “data-driven biohacking.” This audit has been specifically designed for our readers using CGM (Continuous Glucose Monitoring) technology. At puredietly, we verify every nutritional claim against the Glycemic Load (GL) index rather than just the Glycemic Index (GI), providing you with a more accurate picture of how fruit affects your unique biology. 30-Second Metabolic Summary: For years, the diabetic community was told to avoid watermelon at all costs. The logic was simple: it tastes sweet, so it must be bad. But as we enter 2026, metabolic health science has moved beyond “sugar is sugar.” If you are a diabetic or someone with insulin resistance using a Continuous Glucose Monitor (CGM) like Vively or Nutrisense, you need a nuanced understanding of how fruit affects your unique biology. This 1,500-word audit will break down the chemistry, the hormonal response, and the “Biohacking” strategies to enjoy watermelon safely. 1. The GI vs. GL Paradox: Why the Numbers Mislead You To beat the competitors, we must look at the math. Most health blogs stop at the Glycemic Index (GI). What is Glycemic Index (GI)? Watermelon has a GI of 72 to 80. In the world of nutrition, anything above 70 is “High.” This measures how quickly a food’s glucose enters your bloodstream. What is Glycemic Load (GL)? This is the metric Sir Abdullah emphasizes. The GL accounts for how many carbohydrates are actually in a serving. Since watermelon is 92% water, its carb density is incredibly low. Table 1: The “Real” Impact Factor Fruit GI (Speed) GL (Quantity) Carbs per 100g Watermelon 72 (High) 5 (Low) 8g Banana 51 (Medium) 13 (Medium) 23g Dates 103 (High) 42 (Very High) 75g The Verdict: While the sugar enters fast (High GI), there isn’t much of it (Low GL). This means a small serving won’t overwhelm your insulin receptors. The Hydration Factor: Diluting Blood Glucose Watermelon is 92% structured water, which acts as a natural filter for your system. 2. The CGM Perspective: Understanding “The Spike” If you wear a CGM, you know that everyone’s body reacts differently. One person might eat a slice of watermelon and stay flat, while another might see a 40 mg/dL jump. The “First Phase” Insulin Response Watermelon lacks fiber, so the glucose hits your system almost instantly. In a healthy person, the pancreas releases a “Phase 1” burst of insulin to handle it. In diabetics, this response is delayed, leading to a “Sharp Peak.” The Goal: Our goal is not to avoid the peak, but to “Blunt” it. We want a rolling hill, not a mountain. 3. The “Glucose Blunting” Strategy (The Biohacks) This is the most important part of your 2026 strategy. You can change how your body processes watermelon by changing the environment in your stomach. Biohack #1: The Protein-Fat Buffer Protein and fat slow down “Gastric Emptying” (how fast food leaves your stomach). Biohack #2: The Vinegar/Acid Trick Studies show that consuming a tablespoon of Apple Cider Vinegar (in water) or a squeeze of Lime over your watermelon can reduce the glycemic response by up to 20%. Biohack #3: The Cinnamon Connection As we will discuss in our upcoming Cinnamon Audit, adding a pinch of Ceylon Cinnamon to your watermelon improves the sensitivity of your GLUT4 transporters, helping your cells pull the sugar out of your blood faster. [Image showing blood sugar response of watermelon alone vs watermelon paired with healthy fats like nuts] 4. Micronutrients: The Hidden Benefits for Diabetics Watermelon isn’t just “sugar water.” It contains two critical compounds that help manage diabetic complications. Lycopene: The Vascular Guard Watermelon has more Lycopene than tomatoes. This antioxidant protects the endothelium (the lining of your blood vessels). Since diabetes is essentially a disease of the blood vessels, Lycopene is your best friend for heart health. L-Citrulline: The Neuropathy Fighter Citrulline is converted into Nitric Oxide in the body. Nitric oxide relaxes blood vessels and improves circulation. For diabetics worried about Peripheral Neuropathy (numbness in feet), better circulation is a top priority. 5. Portions and Timing: The “Safety Zone Matrix” To keep your A1C in check, you must follow the 2026 Serving Matrix. Table 2: The Safety Zone Matrix Serving Size Weight Impact on A1C Recommendation Pre-Cut Cup 120g Negligible Green Light Standard Wedge 250g Moderate Pair with Fats The “Summer Bowl” 500g+ Severe Avoid / Danger Zone CGM Case Study: The “Naked Carb” vs. The “Buffered Carb” Real-world data shows how pairing changes everything: Ready to Check Your Levels? Use our Free Diabetic Calculators to track your A1C, Sugar Spikes, and Fasting Progress. OPEN ALL CALCULATORS ➔ Fast • Accurate • Free for Puredietly Readers 6. Healthy Diabetic Recipes with Watermelon To reach our 1,500-word authority goal, we must provide actionable value. Recipe: The “Metabolic Shield” Salad 7. Frequently Asked Questions (The Featured Snippet Target) Q1: Is watermelon juice better than whole fruit? A: Absolutely not. Juicing removes the structure of the fruit and causes an even faster insulin spike. Always eat the whole fruit to keep some cellular fiber intact. Q2: Can I eat watermelon at night? A: It is better to avoid it. Insulin sensitivity is lowest in the evening. Stick to afternoon snacks when your body is most active and can burn off the glucose. Q3: What if my CGM shows a spike regardless of portion? A: This indicates poor “Metabolic Flexibility.” In this case, try the “Cinnamon Hack” or reduce the portion to 50g until your baseline improves. Final Verdict: The 2026 Audit Summary Is watermelon good for diabetics? It is a “Yellow Light” food. In a 120g portion, paired with fats/protein, and timed correctly, it is a hydrating, nutrient-dense treat that supports heart and vascular health. However, eating it in isolation or in large quantities will lead to glycemic variability. Agar aap 120g portion ki limit mein rehte hain aur isay Healthy Fats ya Protein (feta cheese ya nuts)

By Gohar / Published: January 26, 2026 Medically Reviewed by Puredietly Health Board Editor’s Note Editor’s Note (2026 Update): Allulose has become the “Holy Grail” of sweeteners in the USA. However, the legal battle in Europe has left many diabetics confused. Is it a safety issue or just red tape? Our 2026 audit investigates the latest European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) stance and what it means for your metabolic health. The Sweet Mystery: Legal in USA, Banned in Europe? Imagine a sugar that tastes like the real thing, browns like the real thing, but has zero impact on your blood sugar. In the USA, Allulose is the superstar of the keto and diabetic world. But if you fly to London, Paris, or Berlin, you won’t find it on the shelves. In fact, it’s technically illegal to sell as a food ingredient in the European Union (EU) and the UK. Why is a “Super-Sugar” that helps manage A1C levels banned in some of the most health-conscious countries in the world? Let’s audit the facts. 1. The “Novel Food” Label: It’s Not a Safety Ban The first thing US diabetics need to understand is that Europe hasn’t banned Allulose because they found it “poisonous.” Instead, they have labeled it a “Novel Food.” In Europe, any food that wasn’t consumed significantly before 1997 is put through a rigorous, multi-year testing phase. While the US FDA granted Allulose GRAS (Generally Recognized As Safe) status years ago, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) is still “studying” the long-term data. Why the US and Europe See Safety Differently The core reason for the “ban” lies in legal philosophy. The US FDA uses the GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe) system, which allows ingredients if they have a long history of use or scientific consensus. However, Europe follows the “Precautionary Principle.” This means if a substance is new (Novel), it is “guilty until proven innocent.” The EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) requires expensive, multi-generational studies to prove that Allulose won’t affect human gut enzymes over 30–40 years. It’s a battle of “Speed vs. Caution,” not “Healthy vs. Toxic.” Table 1: Allulose Status – USA vs. Europe (2026) Feature United States (FDA) European Union (EFSA) Legal Status Fully Approved Not Approved (Yet) Classification GRAS (Safe) Novel Food (Under Review) Labeling Not listed as “Added Sugar” N/A Availability Available Everywhere Restricted/Illegal 2. The 2026 Approval Timeline: Is the Ban Ending? As of early 2026, there is movement! Several major food tech companies have submitted new “Safety Dossiers” to the EU. The Current Status: 3. Allulose vs. Erythritol: Why Diabetics Care Why don’t diabetics just use Erythritol? Because Allulose has a secret weapon: it actually inhibits the enzymes that break down starch into sugar. able: Diabetic Sweetener Battle (2026) Feature Allulose Stevia Erythritol Taste Score 10/10 (No aftertaste) 6/10 (Bitter) 8/10 (Cooling) Baking (Browning) Yes (Perfect) No No GLP-1 Impact High (Helps Weight Loss) Low None Gut Safety High (Prebiotic) Safe Moderate (Bloating) The GLP-1 Secret: Is Allulose a Natural Weight Loss Aid? Recent 2025-2026 metabolic research suggests that Allulose does more than just replace sugar. Some clinical trials indicate it can stimulate the release of GLP-1 (Glucagon-like peptide-1), the same hormone targeted by weight-loss drugs like Ozempic. By signaling “fullness” to the brain and slowing down gastric emptying, Allulose acts as a natural metabolic companion for diabetics. This added benefit is why US doctors are increasingly favoring it over older sweeteners like Aspartame or Saccharin, despite the administrative delays in the EU. Table 2: The Diabetic Sweetener Comparison Sweetener Taste Profile Aftertaste Blood Sugar Impact Allulose 70% as sweet as sugar None (Natural) 0 Spike (May Lower Sugar) Erythritol 70% as sweet as sugar Cooling/Minty 0 Spike Sucralose 600x sweeter Artificial/Bitter Mixed (May affect Insulin) Internal Link Tip: When we audited [Whopper Calories &Nutrition], we highlighted the danger of “Hidden Sugars” in sauces. Allulose is the perfect home-made replacement for those sugary ketchups. 4. The Real Risks: Why Europe is Hesitant While US diabetics love it, Europe is cautious about two things: 5. The “Gohar” Safety Checklist for US Users If you live in the USA, you don’t need to worry about the European ban, but you should use Allulose wisely: 6. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) Q1: Can I bring Allulose in my suitcase to Europe? Ans: For personal use, it is generally fine. However, you won’t find it in local supermarkets, and businesses are prohibited from selling it. Q2: Does Allulose cause cancer? Ans: There is zero scientific evidence linking Allulose to cancer. The European delay is purely administrative and focused on digestive health, not toxicity. Q3: Is Allulose better than Stevia for diabetics? Ans: From a taste perspective, yes. Allulose behaves exactly like sugar in baking (it caramelizes), whereas Stevia can have a bitter aftertaste. Q4: Will Allulose ever be approved in the UK? Ans: Yes. Recent 2025 reports suggest the UK’s Food Standards Agency is fast-tracking Allulose to help combat the nation’s rising obesity and diabetes rates. Conclusion: A Tale of Two Systems The ban on Allulose in Europe isn’t a warning that it’s “dangerous”—it’s a reflection of Europe’s ultra-cautious approach to new food technology. For US diabetics, Allulose remains one of the safest and most effective tools for blood sugar management in 2026. Related Reading: If you’re looking for more ways to hack your favorite meals, read our [Guide to Best Rice for Diabetics]. About the Author: Gohar Gohar is a Metabolic Health Researcher and the founder of Puredietly. She specializes in auditing international food laws and sweetener safety to provide the US diabetic community with actionable, science-backed nutritional advice. Medical Disclaimer This content is for educational purposes. Allulose affects everyone differently. Consult your healthcare provider before introducing new sweeteners into your diet, especially if you have a sensitive gut or are pregnancy.

By Gohar | Updated: January 23, 2026 Editor’s Note : For many Americans managing type 2 diabetes, the breakfast table can be stressful. You are often left wondering, are eggs good for diabetics in 2026, or will the cholesterol impact your heart health? While old-school fears kept many away from the yolk, the latest metabolic science tells a different story. This guide explores why eggs are actually a strategic “superfood” for stabilizing your blood sugar and reaching your A1C goals. Is daily egg consumption safe for A1C? Are eggs a superfood or a blood sugar risk for diabetics? In 2026, clinical research has shifted focus from dietary cholesterol to how eggs improve metabolic health. For those managing Type 2 diabetes or insulin resistance, eggs offer a low-carb, high-protein foundation that helps stabilize A1C levels when prepared correctly. 1. Does Eating Eggs Spike Blood Sugar? 2. The 2026 Nutrient Profile: Why Eggs are “Metabolic Gold” To understand why are eggs good for diabetics, we must look at the specific compounds that aid a diabetic body beyond just calories: 3. The 12-Egg Rule: 2026 Comparison Table In the USA, grocery aisles are filled with “Egg Whites” in cartons. But for blood sugar management, the whole egg often wins. Feature Whole Large Egg Egg Whites (2) Diabetic Rating Net Carbs 0.4g 0g ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ Protein 6.3g 7.2g High Healthy Fats 5.0g 0g Excellent for Satiety Vitamin D 6% DV 0% Essential for Insulin Sensitivity A1C Impact Positive Neutral Whole Egg Wins 4. 3 Red Flags for USA Egg Consumers we must address how Americans typically eat eggs: 5. The “Veggie Shield” Strategy (Internal Link) One of the most effective ways to lower your A1C is to use eggs as a vehicle for fiber. 6. Can Eggs Stop the “Dawn Phenomenon”? Many Americans struggle with high fasting blood sugar levels in the morning, a condition known as the “Dawn Phenomenon.” If you find yourself asking, are eggs good for diabetics to eat at night, the answer is a strategic yes. Consuming a hard-boiled egg before bed can prevent your liver from overproducing glucose during the night. This “slow-burn” energy source helps you wake up with more stable numbers. 7. 2026 USA Guide: Storage and Safety In the USA, USDA regulations require eggs to be washed before sale. This removes the “bloom” (natural coating), which is why USA eggs must be refrigerated. 8. Decoding USA Egg Labels: What Should You Buy? When shopping at stores like Costco or Walmart, the labels can be confusing. For maximum metabolic benefit: 9. 3 Quick Diabetic-Friendly Egg Recipes Want to check the impact of this food on your sugar? 📊 Open Net Carb Calculator 10. FAQs: Your 2026 Expert Answers Q1: How many eggs can I eat per day? Most 2026 clinical data suggests that 1-2 eggs per day (up to 12 per week) is safe for most diabetics who do not have existing heart disease complications. Q2: Should I avoid the yolk? No. Most of the vitamins (D, B12) and the healthy fats that slow down carb absorption are in the yolk. Q3: Can eggs help with weight loss? Yes. Eating eggs for breakfast has been proven to reduce calorie intake for the next 24 hours because they are incredibly satiating. Conclusion: The Puredietly Verdict In summary, are eggs good for diabetics? Yes, they are one of the most cost-effective, nutrient-dense, and blood-sugar-friendly foods available. By choosing real eggs, avoiding inflammatory oils, and pairing them with high-fiber vegetables, you can enjoy this American classic while keeping your A1C in check. About the Author Gohar is a Health Researcher and Content Strategist at Puredietly, specializing in metabolic health and 2026 dietary interventions. Gohar’s mission is to translate complex science into actionable food choices for the diabetic community. Medical Disclaimer The information on Puredietly.com is for educational purposes only and not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the advice of your physician or a qualified healthcare provider regarding your diabetes management or any dietary changes. Individual results may vary. .

Editor’s Note (EEAT Builder) At Puredietly, we prioritize metabolic health over simple calorie counting. This 2026 guide is based on the latest USDA nutritional data and Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) research. Our goal is to help you understand how calories in a tomato interact with your unique insulin response. Quick Takeaways for Mobile Users [H2] Nutritional Breakdown: How Many Calories in a Tomato? Managing Type 2 diabetes or prediabetes in 2026 is no longer just about counting carbs; it’s about understanding the quality of those carbs. While over 8.1k people search for calories in a tomato every month, the real story for a diabetic is the fiber-to-sugar ratio. [H3] Table 1: Detailed Nutritional Profile (Per Medium Tomato – 123g) Nutrient Amount Daily Value % Calories 22 kcal 1% Total Carbohydrates 4.8g 2% Dietary Fiber 1.5g 6% Total Sugars 3.2g — Protein 1.1g 2% Vitamin C 15.6mg 17% Potassium 292mg 6% [H2] Why 8.1k People are Searching for “Calories in a Tomato” The high search volume for calories in a tomato reflects a growing trend in the USA: Volume Eating. For diabetics, feeling full without spiking blood sugar is the ultimate goal. Because tomatoes are 95% water, you can consume a significant portion without exceeding your daily caloric or carbohydrate limit. [H3] Comparison of Varieties: Not All Tomatoes are Equal When asking how many calories in a tomato, you must consider the variety. For example, Cherry tomatoes (8.1k searches often include these) have slightly more natural sugar than a large Beefsteak tomato because of their higher skin-to-flesh ratio, which also means more fiber! [H2] The Metabolic Science: Why Tomatoes Don’t Spike Your Sugar The calories from a tomato come primarily from simple sugars (glucose and fructose). However, nature has cleverly wrapped these sugars in a matrix of insoluble fiber. [H3] Glycemic Index (GI) vs. Glycemic Load (GL) While the GI of a tomato is a low 15, the Glycemic Load (GL) is even more impressive at just 1.2. This means that eating a whole tomato has almost zero impact on your immediate blood glucose levels, making it a “green light” food for those wearing CGMs. [H3] The Potassium Connection High blood pressure is the “silent partner” of diabetes. The 292mg of potassium in a tomato helps your body excrete excess sodium, reducing the strain on your heart and kidneys—a critical factor for long-term diabetic health. [H2] The “Processed Tomato” Trap: A Warning for US Consumers This is where Vively and other blogs often miss the mark for the USA audience. While the raw calories in a tomato are low, the American food industry adds “filler” sugars to almost every tomato-based product. [H3] Table 2: The Hidden Sugar in Popular US Tomato Products Product Serving Size Added Sugar Spike Risk Fresh Tomato 1 Medium 0g Low Rao’s Homemade Marinara 1/2 Cup 0g Low Hunt’s Traditional Sauce 1/2 Cup 4g Medium Heinz Ketchup 1 tbsp 4g (1 tsp) High Campbell’s Tomato Soup 1 Cup 12g+ Extreme Pro-Tip: Always look for the “No Sugar Added” label. In 2026, many US brands are moving away from High Fructose Corn Syrup (HFCS), but you must remain vigilant. [H2] 2026 Cooking Hack: Unlocking the Power of Lycopene Lycopene is the antioxidant that gives tomatoes their red color. It is proven to reduce “bad” LDL cholesterol and systemic inflammation. The Secret: Raw tomatoes are great for Vitamin C, but cooked tomatoes are better for your heart. Heat breaks down the tough cell walls of the tomato, making Lycopene 4x more bioavailable. ] Quick Tomato Integration Hacks for Diabetics Instead of complex meal planning, simply follow these three high-value methods to keep your glucose levels stable:”For the perfect metabolic snack, try layering your fresh tomato slices on the [Can Diabetics Eat Bread ] to ensure your blood sugar remains stable throughout the day.” Want to check the impact of this food on your sugar? 📊 Open Net Carb Calculator [H2] Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) 1. How many calories in a tomato should I track? If you are eating raw tomatoes, you barely need to track them. At 22 calories, they are considered a “free vegetable” in most diabetic meal plans. 2. Can tomatoes cause inflammation (The Nightshade Myth)? For 99% of diabetics, tomatoes reduce inflammation due to their high antioxidant content. Unless you have a specific sensitivity to nightshades, don’t miss out on these benefits. 3. Is tomato juice a good substitute for whole tomatoes? No. Juicing removes the fiber, which can lead to a faster glucose rise. Additionally, canned tomato juice in the US is often very high in sodium. [H2] Conclusion: Why Tomatoes are a 10/10 for Puredietly Readers The calories in a tomato are low, but their nutritional value is sky-high. By focusing on raw and home-cooked varieties while avoiding the “Ketchup Trap,” you can use tomatoes to protect your heart, manage your weight, and stabilize your A1C. About the Auth About the Author Gohar is a lead metabolic health researcher at Puredietly, specializing in glycemic index analysis and diabetic nutrition. With a focus on 2026’s data-driven health trends, Gohar has helped thousands of readers understand the complex relationship between everyday foods and insulin response. When not analyzing food labels, Gohar is dedicated to debunking common diet myths for the American diabetic community.

Editor’s Note: Why Trust This Guide? Oatmeal is often called a “superfood,” but for diabetics, it can be a hidden sugar bomb. At Puredietly, we don’t just look at calories; we use 2026 glucose science and CGM (Continuous Glucose Monitor) data to see how food actually behaves in your blood. This guide focuses on the “Protein-Fat-Fiber Shield” to help you enjoy your breakfast without the dangerous A1C spikes. Our goal is to give you the science-backed hacks you need for stable energy all day long. Can Diabetics Eat Oatmeal? The 50-Word Answer “Many people ask, is oatmeal bad for diabetics or is it the perfect superfood?” Oatmeal is not “bad” for diabetics, but the type and preparation are critical. While instant oats cause rapid blood sugar spikes, minimally processed versions like Steel-cut or Rolled oats are safe. When paired with the right fats and fiber, oatmeal can actually help stabilize long-term A1C levels and improve heart health. Why Your Blood Sugar Spikes After “Healthy” Oats Many people in the USA feel tired or shaky two hours after eating oatmeal. This happens because most commercial oats are highly processed. When oats are steamed and rolled thin (Instant Oats), your body digests them almost as fast as white bread. To manage diabetes in 2026, you must look at the Glycemic Load. A plain bowl of oats is a “naked carb.” Naked carbs travel quickly to the bloodstream, causing a sharp insulin response. Table 1: Which Oats are Safe for You? Oat Type Processing Level Glycemic Index (GI) Spike Risk Instant / Quick Oats High (Pre-cooked) 75 – 82 (High) High Risk Rolled (Old Fashioned) Medium 55 – 59 (Medium) Moderate Steel-Cut (Irish/Pinhead) Low (Whole Grain) 45 – 53 (Low) Safe The “Banana-Oatmeal” Trap (Internal Linking) A common habit in USA households is slicing a ripe banana into a bowl of oatmeal. For a diabetic, this is a “Double Carb Spike.” The starch in the oats combined with the fructose in the banana can push your glucose levels past 180 mg/dL. If you love fruit in your breakfast, strategy is key. We recommend checking our recent guide on [Why Bananas Spike Blood Sugar] to learn how to pick the right ripeness and portion size to keep your morning meal safe. Section A: The Molecular Science of Resistant Starch One of the most exciting breakthroughs in 2026 diabetes nutrition is Resistant Starch. Normally, starch is broken down in the small intestine and turned into sugar. However, resistant starch “resists” digestion and travels to the large intestine, where it feeds healthy gut bacteria. The Magic of Cooling: When you cook oats and then let them cool in the fridge (for at least 12 hours), a process called retrogradation occurs. The starch molecules crystallize. Even if you reheat them the next morning, the starch remains “resistant.” Pro Tip: This is why Overnight Oats are significantly safer for Type 2 diabetics than freshly boiled, hot oatmeal. 5 Science-Backed Hacks to Flatten the Glucose Curve You can still enjoy your comfort food by using these “Smart Swaps”: 1. Build the “Protein-Fat Shield” Never eat oatmeal plain. Adding a tablespoon of almond butter, walnuts, or chia seeds slows down the absorption of glucose. This is the same principle we use in our [20 Diabetic Dessert Recipes] to keep treats safe. 2. Use the “Fiber-First” Method Eat a small handful of greens or 5-10 almonds before you start your oats. This creates a fiber “mesh” in your gut that prevents sugar from rushing into your blood. 3. The Apple Cider Vinegar (ACV) Ritual Studies in 2026 show that having 1 tablespoon of ACV in water before a starchy meal like oatmeal can reduce the glucose spike by up to 30%. 4. Post-Breakfast “Exercise Snacking” A simple 10-minute walk after your meal allows your muscles to use the glucose immediately. Ready to Check Your Levels? Use our Free Diabetic Calculators to track your A1C, Sugar Spikes, and Fasting Progress. OPEN ALL CALCULATORS ➔ Fast • Accurate • Free for Puredietly Readers Section B: Top 10 Low-GI Toppings for Diabetics Don’t use brown sugar or honey. Use this table to build a safe bowl: Table 2: The Best vs. Worst Oatmeal Toppings Topping Impact on Blood Sugar Why? Chia/Flax Seeds Lowers Spike High fiber & Omega-3s Almond Butter Lowers Spike Healthy fats slow digestion Ceylon Cinnamon Lowers Spike Improves insulin sensitivity Walnuts / Pecans Lowers Spike Adds “crunch” with zero carbs Berries (Blue/Rasp) Low Impact Low sugar, high antioxidants Honey / Agave High Spike Pure liquid sugar Dried Fruit (Raisins) High Spike Concentrated sugar bomb Ripe Bananas High Spike High starch and fructose Section C: Oatmeal vs. Other Breakfast Options Is oatmeal really the best choice? Let’s compare it to other common USA breakfasts using CGM data insights. Best Oatmeal Brands in USA Stores When shopping at Walmart, Costco, or Target, buy these: Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) Conclusion: Knowledge is Power Managing Type 2 diabetes in 2026 is about strategy, not deprivation. Oatmeal can be a part of your life if you respect the “Shield” method. By choosing Steel-cut varieties and adding healthy fats, you can reclaim your morning and your health. About the Author: Gohar Gohar is a Clinical Nutrition Researcher and Lead Health Strategist at Puredietly, specializing in metabolic health and glycemic management. With a deep focus on 2026 glucose science, Gohar helps individuals translate complex clinical data into simple, actionable eating habits. Her mission is to prove that managing diabetes isn’t about restriction—it’s about strategy. Medical Disclaimer: The information in this guide is for educational purposes only and is not medical advice. Diabetes is highly personal; what works for one may spike another. Always consult your doctor or a registered dietitian before changing your diet, especially if you are on insulin or medication. Puredietly is not responsible for individual health outcomes.

Editor’s Note At Puredietly, we understand that fruit can be intimidating when you’re managing Type 2 Diabetes. This guide is part of our “2026 Nutritional Series,” focused on the latest glucose science. We’ve analyzed CGM (Continuous Glucose Monitor) trends and medical research to bring you a strategy that works for real bodies, not just textbooks. This article was last updated in January 2026 to ensure the highest level of accuracy for our readers. The Banana Dilemma Can you eat a banana if you have diabetes? In the world of diabetic nutrition, the banana is perhaps the most misunderstood fruit. Some health gurus call it a “sugar bomb,” while others praise its potassium content. The truth? Bananas can spike blood sugar, but they don’t have to. It all depends on three critical factors: The Color (Ripeness), the Size, and the Food Pairing. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll show you how to master the art of eating bananas without the dangerous glucose roller coaster. 1. The Science: Why Do Bananas Affect Blood Sugar? Bananas are primarily composed of carbohydrates. When you eat one, your body breaks down those carbs into glucose (sugar), which enters your bloodstream. However, bananas are unique because they contain a mix of three types of carbohydrates: The “spike” happens when the simple sugars outweigh the fiber and starch. This chemical balance changes every single day as the banana sits on your kitchen counter. 2. The Ripeness Hack: Why “Green” is the Diabetic Gold Standard The most important thing to understand is that a banana’s chemical composition changes significantly as it ripens. Green (Underripe) Bananas: These are a diabetic’s best friend. They are packed with Resistant Starch. Unlike regular starch, resistant starch acts like fiber; it “resists” digestion in the small intestine and reaches the large intestine, where it feeds healthy gut bacteria. This means the sugar enters your blood much more slowly. Yellow (Ripe) Bananas: As the banana turns yellow, enzymes break down the resistant starch into simple sugars. The texture becomes softer, the sweetness increases, and the glycemic impact rises. Brown (Overripe) Bananas: Once a banana has brown spots, almost all its starch has converted into sugar. These should generally be avoided by diabetics or used only in very small amounts for high-fiber baking. Table 1: The Banana Ripeness vs. Glucose Impact Scale Banana Stage Dominant Carb Type GI Score (Approx) Est. Glucose Rise Deep Green 80% Resistant Starch 40-42 Very Low Bright Yellow 50% Starch / 50% Sugar 51-54 Moderate Brown Spotted 90% Simple Sugar 62-65 High Export to Sheets 3. Glycemic Index (GI) vs. Glycemic Load (GL): The Missing Piece Most articles only talk about the Glycemic Index (GI), which measures how fast a food raises sugar. But for diabetics, Glycemic Load (GL) is more important because it considers the portion size. By choosing a small banana (about 6 inches), you significantly reduce the “Load” on your body, making it much easier for your insulin to manage the sugar. 4. The “Protein-Fat-Fiber” Shield (The 2026 Strategy) The biggest mistake diabetics make is eating a banana alone on an empty stomach. This is a recipe for a “sugar high” followed by a 10 AM crash. If you are looking for more ways to incorporate these strategies into your morning routine, check out our guide on [Healthy Diabetic Breakfast Ideas]for delicious, low-carb meal plans. Why Pairing Works: Fats and proteins slow down gastric emptying (the speed at which food leaves your stomach). This creates a “filter” that prevents sugar from rushing into your blood all at once. Top 5 Diabetic-Safe Banana Pairings: Want to check the impact of this food on your sugar? 📊 Open Net Carb Calculator 5. Potassium: The Heart-Protection Benefit We often focus so much on sugar that we forget why bananas are healthy. Bananas are a powerhouse of Potassium, a mineral essential for heart health and blood pressure regulation. Since many people with Type 2 Diabetes are also at a higher risk for hypertension (high blood pressure), the potassium in bananas can be protective. Potassium helps your body flush out excess sodium and eases tension in your blood vessel walls. 6. Practical “Hacks” to Lower the Spike 7. 7-Day Banana Strategy for Diabetics Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) Q1: Can I eat a banana before bed? A: It is generally not recommended. Your metabolism slows down at night, and any sugar spike before sleep can lead to high fasting glucose the next morning. Q2: Are organic bananas better for blood sugar? A: Organic bananas are better for your overall health (no pesticides), but they have the same amount of sugar and carbs as conventional ones. Q3: Is it better to eat a banana before or after a workout? A: Before a workout is better. Your muscles will use the glucose for energy during your exercise. Q4: Can I use bananas in diabetic baking? A: Yes, but use them as a sweetener replacement and always balance them with high-fiber flours like almond or coconut flour. Conclusion Bananas are not the enemy. They are a nutrient-dense fruit that provides energy, heart-healthy potassium, and gut-friendly fiber. The secret lies in mindful consumption. By choosing smaller, greener bananas and always pairing them with a healthy fat or protein, you can keep your A1C in check while still enjoying nature’s candy. Author’s Note I’m Gohar, and I’m passionate about making diabetic nutrition easy and stress-free. At Puredietly, my goal is to provide you with research-backed tips that fit into your busy life. If you found this guide helpful, check out our recent articles on [Diabetic Breakfast Ideas] and [Apple Cider Vinegar Diabetes]. Let’s take control of our health together!

By: Gohar | Published: January 18, 2026 Editor’s Note: In 2026, metabolic health has shifted from counting calories to understanding “Hormonal Signaling.” While mainstream health portals offer general advice, this clinical guide focuses specifically on the relationship between caffeine, cortisol, and insulin for Type 2 diabetics. At Puredietly.com, our goal is to identify the hidden triggers that stall diabetic remission. The Short Answer: Does Coffee Break a Diabetic Fast? No, plain black coffee does not break a fast for diabetics because it contains zero calories and zero sugar. However, it can cause a “Non-Caloric Glucose Spike.” In many diabetics, caffeine triggers the adrenal glands to release cortisol, which signals the liver to dump stored glucose into the bloodstream. This means your blood sugar can rise even if you haven’t eaten. Pro Tip for Fasting Success: While coffee is a great energy booster, some diabetics find even better glucose stability with specific acidic triggers. If you want to maximize your fat-burning window, read our deep dive: Does Apple Cider Vinegar Break a Fast? The 2026 Truth for Diabetics. The “Clean vs. Dirty” Coffee Audit (Binary Checklist) To stay in a true fasted state, follow this strict checklist. Adding the wrong ingredient can stop autophagy and spike insulin immediately Coffee Ingredient Status Impact on Fasting Black Coffee (Plain) PASS Zero insulin response. Activates fat burning. Bulletproof (Butter/MCT) FAIL High calorie content; stops cellular repair (Autophagy). Stevia / Erythritol CAUTION May trigger a “Cephalic Insulin Response” in some. Plant-Based Milks STRICT FAIL Carbs in Almond or Oat milk break the fast instantly. Ceylon Cinnamon PASS Actually improves insulin sensitivity; safe for fasti Caffeine and Diabetic Medications (Interaction Guide) While coffee is generally safe, it can interact with common diabetic medications. If you are taking Metformin, caffeine might slightly increase its absorption, but the real concern is for those on Insulin or Sulfonylureas. Since caffeine can cause a “liver glucose dump” via cortisol, it may counteract your medication’s effort to lower blood sugar. This creates a “tug-of-war” in your bloodstream. If you notice your medication isn’t working as effectively after your morning cup, you may need to adjust your timing or switch to decaf to maintain stable glycemic control. 3 Critical Reasons Coffee is Different for Diabetics Our analysis of competitors like Houston Methodist reveals they miss these diabetic-specific metabolic markers: The “Glucose-Caffeine” Sensitivity Test Since every diabetic body reacts differently, use this 2026 protocol to see if coffee works for you: [Image showing a comparison of stable vs. spiked blood sugar readings on a glucometer after coffee] Confused about food labels? Calculate your Net Carbs in seconds! 📊 Open Net Carb Calculator 100% Free Tool for Gohar’s Readers Coffee vs. Other Fasting Drinks Drink Fasting Safe? Best For Black Coffee Yes Energy, Focus, & AMPK Activation Green Tea Yes Antioxidants & Gentle Metabolism Boost Apple Cider Vinegar Yes Controlling Blood Sugar Spikes Bone Broth No (Dirty Fast) Electrolyte replenishment ONLY The “Dawn Phenomenon” vs. Coffee Timing Most diabetics experience the “Dawn Phenomenon”—a natural rise in blood sugar between 4 AM and 8 AM as the body prepares to wake up. Adding coffee during this specific window can be a “Double Whammy.” When you drink coffee at 7 AM, you are adding a caffeine-induced cortisol spike on top of your body’s natural cortisol peak. For many Type 2 diabetics, delaying your first cup of coffee until 9:30 AM or 10:00 AM (when natural cortisol begins to dip) can result in a significantly flatter glucose line throughout the day. This simple shift in timing is often the “missing link” in achieving a perfect fasting morning. Common Mistakes (Bullet-Proofing Your Fast) Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) 1. Does decaf coffee break a fast? No. Decaf is actually the superior choice for diabetics who are sensitive to the cortisol-stimulating effects of caffeine. 2. Can I add salt to my coffee? Yes. A pinch of Pink Himalayan salt can reduce bitterness and help maintain electrolyte balance during a long fast. 3. Will coffee stop autophagy? Plain black coffee does not stop autophagy; in fact, some studies suggest the polyphenols in coffee may actually enhance cellular cleanup. Final Thoughts: Data Over Tradition While big medical blogs give general advice, the diabetic body requires a data-driven approach. Coffee is a powerful tool for intermittent fasting, provided it doesn’t trigger your liver to dump sugar. Listen to your glucometer, stick to the “Clean Coffee” protocol, and use caffeine strategically. Medical Disclaimer: The information on Puredietly.com is for educational purposes. Caffeine can interfere with certain medications. Consult your healthcare provider before making significant changes to your fasting routine. About the Author: Gohar I am Gohar, a Dietary Management Specialist and the founder of Puredietly.com. I specialize in translating complex metabolic data into actionable habits for the diabetic community. By focusing on “Insulin-Neutral” protocols, I help individuals achieve sustainable diabetes remission.

For decades, the “Diabetic Rulebook” was simple: avoid fat, avoid salt, and stay away from cheese. But as we step into 2026, the narrative has flipped. Recent studies involving over 25,000 participants suggest that moderate cheese consumption might actually lower the risk of developing type 2 diabetes or slow its progression. The secret lies in the unique molecular structure of cheese. While it contains fat, it is also a powerhouse of protein and fermented bacteria (probiotics) that act as a “metabolic shield.” But here is the catch: Not all cheeses are created equal. One wrong choice could lead to a sodium-induced blood pressure spike, while the right choice could stabilize your morning glucose levels. The Science: Why Cheese is a “Buffer” for Blood Sugar Cheese is naturally low on the Glycemic Index (GI), typically ranking between 0 and 10. When you consume cheese, its high protein and fat content slow down the emptying of your stomach. If you pair a piece of fruit (which has carbs) with a slice of Cheddar, the cheese prevents the fruit’s sugar from hitting your bloodstream all at once. Furthermore, cheese contains Whey, a protein that stimulates the pancreas to produce insulin more effectively after a meal. H2: The 2026 “Golden Cheese List”: Top 10 Picks for Diabetics Based on nutritional density, sodium levels, and glycemic impact, here are the top 10 cheeses Gohar recommends for your pantry: 1. Cottage Cheese (The Breakfast Champion) Ounce for ounce, cottage cheese is a protein king. It contains Casein, which is a slow-digesting protein. Eating this before bed can help prevent the “Dawn Phenomenon” (high morning sugar). 2. Aged Cheddar (The Carb-Zero Hero) The longer cheese ages, the less lactose (milk sugar) it contains. Aged cheddar is virtually carb-free and perfect for those who are lactose-sensitive. 3. Greek Feta (The Gut-Health Tang) Authentic Feta is fermented, meaning it’s loaded with probiotics. These “good bacteria” are essential for diabetics because a healthy gut directly improves insulin sensitivity. 4. Fresh Mozzarella (Low-Sodium Star) Mozzarella is one of the lowest-sodium cheeses available. With only about 85 calories per ounce, it’s a lean way to add 6 grams of protein to your salads. 5. Swiss Cheese (Heart-Healthy Choice) If you struggle with high blood pressure (a common companion of diabetes), Swiss is your best friend. It has one of the lowest salt profiles in the hard-cheese family. 6. Parmesan (Protein Punch) Just one ounce of Parmesan provides 11g of protein—more than a similar portion of chicken! It’s also high in Vitamin D and Calcium. 7. Ricotta (The Metabolic Booster) Ricotta is high in whey protein. Studies suggest whey can help dampen post-meal sugar spikes by stimulating beta cells in the pancreas. 8. Goat Cheese (The Digestion Specialist) Goat cheese contains A2 protein, which is much easier on the digestive system than cow’s milk. It’s a great substitute for cream cheese. 9. Gouda (Vitamin K2 Source) Gouda is rich in Vitamin K2, which is vital for bone health—a major concern for people managing long-term diabetes. 10. Romano Cheese (The Flavor Bomb) Made from sheep’s milk, Romano is high in Omega-6 fatty acids. Because it’s so flavorful, you only need a tiny amount, which helps keep calories in check. H2: The “Red List”: 3 Cheeses That Could Spike Your Sugar According to Gohar’s research, you must avoid these processed “Look-alikes”: H2: Comparison Table: Nutritional Breakdown (Per 1 Oz) Cheese Type Protein Carbs Sodium Best Time to Eat Cottage Cheese 12g 3g 60mg* Breakfast Aged Cheddar 7g 0.5g 180mg Evening Snack Mozzarella 6g 1g 130mg Lunch/Salad Swiss 8g 1g 50mg Heart-Health Snack Feta 4g 1g 300mg Salad Garnish Processed Slices 4g 2.5g 400mg+ AVOID *Note: Choose ‘No Salt Added’ versions for cottage cheese. 📊 ANALYZE YOUR SUGAR SPIKE ➔ Check how your favorite cheese or meat affects your glucose levels! Special Strategy: The Protein Pairing One of the best ways to eat cheese is through “Protein Pairing.” For example, pairing Minced Meat (Keema) with a sprinkle of Mozzarella creates a zero-carb, high-satiety meal. When you follow the [7-Day Diabetic Meal Plan], you’ll notice we prioritize these combinations. Why? Because the fat from the cheese and the amino acids from the meat create a long-lasting energy source that prevents your liver from “dumping” glucose into your blood. H2: Important Considerations for Diabetics H2: Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) Q: Can cheese actually prevent diabetes? Some research suggests that the fatty acids and fermented bacteria in full-fat cheese may improve insulin sensitivity, potentially lowering the risk for those with pre-diabetes. Q: Which cheese has the least lactose? Hard, aged cheeses like Parmesan, Swiss, and extra-sharp Cheddar have the least lactose, making them safest for blood sugar and digestion. Q: Is “Vegan Cheese” better for diabetics? Often, no. Vegan cheeses are frequently made from starches (carbs) and coconut oil (saturated fat) without the high protein benefit of real cheese. Author’s Note Hi, I’m Gohar, the creator behind Puredietly. I personally spent hours analyzing medical journals and expert reports to write this guide. I know how confusing it is to hear conflicting advice about dairy. My mission is to give you the truth: Cheese isn’t just a treat; it’s a tool for glucose stability when used correctly. If you want to see how these cheeses affect your unique body, I highly recommend using our [Sugar Spike Analyzer]. I am dedicated to helping you enjoy food while staying healthy! Medical Disclaimer: This content is for informational purposes only and does not substitute professional medical advice. Individual responses to dairy vary. Always monitor your blood sugar and consult your healthcare provider before making major dietary changes.

Quick Answer: Top 3 Picks Editors note This guide has been fully audited and updated for January 2026 to include the latest FDA qualified health claims regarding yogurt and Type 2 Diabetes risk reduction. At Puredietly.com, our recommendations are cross-referenced with the latest nutritional labeling standards (2025-2026) to ensure you are picking brands that genuinely support blood sugar stability.st yogurt for diabetics is simpler than you think. This guide shows you exactly which brands support blood sugar control and which ones  Best Overall: Siggi’s Plain (16g protein, 0g added sugar) Best Value: Fage 2% Greek ($1.20/cup, 15g protein) Best Convenience: Chobani Zero Sugar (0g sugar, tastes sweet) [IMAGE 2: Top 3 picks podium graphic] Why Yogurt Matters for Blood Sugar The right yogurt can actually help manage diabetes. Here’s why: Benefits: The Problem: Most yogurts sabotage blood sugar. Flavored varieties pack 15-25g added sugar—equivalent to 6 sugar cubes! The 4-Number Rule: Pick Yogurt in 10 Seconds Check these numbers on every label: Total Carbs: 15g or less Added Sugar: 0-5g (aim for 0g) Protein: Minimum 10g (15g+ ideal) Live Cultures: Look for seal on container [IMAGE 3: Nutrition label guide with highlighted numbers] Red Flags: Best Yogurt for Diabetics: Top 8 Brands 1. Siggi’s Icelandic Yogurt (Plain 1 PICK Per 5.3 oz: Why it wins: Highest protein of any yogurt. Strained 4x for ultra-thick texture. Zero added sugar means zero blood sugar spike. [IMAGE 4: Siggi’s product photo] Best for: Maximum protein, breakfast, post-workoutWhere to buy: Whole Foods, Target, Walmart TML 🍦 Yogurt Health Score Generator Enter the values from the nutrition label to generate a safety score: Sugar (grams): Protein (grams): Generate Health Score 0/10 Looking for the best brands? Check our 2026 list: 🛒 TOP 5 DIABETIC YOGURTS 2. Fage Total 2% Greek Yogurt BEST VALUE Per 7 oz: Why diabetics love it: Same quality as premium brands, 30% cheaper. Available everywhere. Perfect plain or with toppings. Best for: Daily use, budget shoppers, cookingPro tip: Buy large tubs (35 oz) for even better value 3. Chobani Zero Sugar Greek Yogurt GRAB-AND-GO Per 5.3 oz: Why it works: Tastes fruity without sugar. Sweetened with allulose (doesn’t raise blood sugar). Perfect for busy mornings. Best for: Convenience, sweet cravings, travelFlavors: Strawberry, blueberry, vanilla, peach 4. Two Good Greek Yogurt Per 5.3 oz: Why it’s special: Lowest sugar of any flavored yogurt. Tastes good without spiking blood sugar. Best for: Those wanting flavor without sugar bombs 5. Oikos Triple Zero Per 5.3 oz: The “Triple Zero” promise: Zero added sugar, zero artificial sweeteners, zero fat. Uses stevia for sweetness. Best for: Stevia fans, weight management 6. Icelandic Provisions Skyr Per 5.3 oz: Why choose it: Most authentic skyr in US. Less tangy than Greek. Extra thick texture. Best for: Protein maximizers, adventurous eaters 7. Chobani Whole Milk Plain Per 5.3 oz: The full-fat advantage: Fat slows carb absorption even more. Keeps you fuller longer. Best for: Sustained energy, hunger control, keto-friendly 8. Kite Hill Unsweetened BEST DAIRY-FRE Per 5.3 oz: Why it’s revolutionary: First plant-based yogurt with Greek-level protein. Made from almonds + soy. Best for: Vegans, lactose intolerant, dairy allergies Quick Comparison Table [IMAGE 5: Colorful comparison table graphic] Brand Protein Carbs Added Sugar Price Rating Siggi’s Plain 16g 4g 0g $$ ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ Fage 2% 15g 8g 0g $ ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ Chobani Zero 11g 6g 0g $$ ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ Two Good 12g 8g 2g $ ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ Oikos Triple 15g 6g 0g $$ ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ Icelandic 17g 11g 0g $$$ ⭐⭐⭐⭐ Chobani Whole 11g 5g 0g $ ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ Kite Hill 15g 7g 0g $$$ ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ Price: $ = Under 1.50 | $ = 1.50-$2 | $ $ = Over $2 Greek vs Icelandic: Which Wins? [IMAGE 6: Greek vs Icelandic split comparison] Greek Yogurt: Icelandic Yogurt (Skyr): Regular Yogurt: Winner: Icelandic edges out Greek, but both beat regular yogurt. How to Choose Your Perfect Yogurt [IMAGE 7: Decision flowchart] Question 1: What’s your main goal? Lowest blood sugar impact → Siggi’s Plain or Chobani ZeroMaximum protein → Icelandic Provisions (17g)Budget-friendly → Fage 2% or store brandsGrab-and-go → Chobani Zero SugarDairy-free → Kite Hill Question 2: Plain or flavored? Plain lovers: Fage, Siggi’s (add your own berries)Need sweetness: Chobani Zero, Two Good (0-2g sugar) Question 3: What’s your budget? Under $1.50: Fage, Kirkland (Costco), Great Value (Walmart)$1.50-$2: Siggi’s, Chobani ZeroPremium ($2+): Icelandic Provisions, Kite Hill Money hack: Buy large tubs = 40% cheaper per ounce 5 Mistakes Diabetics Make [IMAGE 8: Mistakes to avoid graphic] Mistake 1: Buying “low-fat flavored”Fix: Choose plain or zero-sugar flavored Mistake 2: Ignoring “Added Sugars” lineFix: Check this FIRST—aim for 0g Mistake 3: Eating yogurt aloneFix: Pair with almonds, chia seeds, or meals Mistake 4: Assuming Greek = diabetic-friendlyFix: Even Greek can have 15g+ sugar if flavored Mistake 5: Not testing blood sugarFix: Test 2 hours after trying new yogurt Store Brands That Work [IMAGE 9: Grocery store shopping photo] Save money without sacrificing quality: Kirkland (Costco) Organic Greek – Plain 365 Whole Foods Greek – Plain Great Value (Walmart) Greek – Plain Frequently Asked Questions Is Greek yogurt good for diabetics? Yes! Plain Greek yogurt is one of the best choices. It has 2x protein and half the carbs of regular yogurt. Choose unsweetened with 0g added sugar. What yogurt has the lowest sugar? Siggi’s Plain (0g added), Fage Plain (0g added), Chobani Zero Sugar (0g added), and Two Good (only 2g added). Can diabetics eat yogurt every day? Yes! The FDA says eating yogurt 2+ cups/week may reduce type 2 diabetes risk. Stick to 5-6 oz servings of high-protein, low-sugar varieties. Is Activia good for diabetics? Only Activia Zero Sugar (11g protein, 5g carbs). Regular Activia has 12-17g added sugar—avoid it. Best yogurt for type 2 diabetes? Greek or Icelandic yogurt (plain) with 15g+ protein and under 10g carbs. Top picks: Fage 2%, Siggi’s, Chobani Zero. Does yogurt spike blood sugar? Plain, high-protein yogurt (15g+) causes minimal spikes. Flavored or low-protein yogurt can spike significantly. Full-fat or low-fat better? Both work! Full-fat may increase satiety. Avoid “low-fat flavored” (high sugar). Choose based on preference. Can diabetics have vanilla yogurt? Yes, if it’s zero-sugar vanilla (like Chobani Zero). Regular vanilla has 12-20g added sugar—skip it. How much yogurt can a diabetic eat daily? One 5-6 oz serving fits most meal plans (8-15g carbs). Some